Cylindrical lithium-ion batteries

Product Description:

Lithium battery is a type of battery that uses lithium metal or lithium alloy as the anode material and uses a non-aqueous electrolyte solution. Lithium batteries have the advantages of high energy density, low self-discharge rate, no memory effect, long cycle life, etc., and are widely used in mobile phones, laptops, electric vehicles, energy storage devices and many other fields.

1. Early exploration (before 1913): Lithium was discovered in 1817, and its physical and chemical properties of low density, large capacity and low electric potential gave it the potential to become an ideal anode material for batteries, but lithium was too reactive, reacted strongly with water, oxygen, etc., and had high requirements for the operating environment, and people were helpless against it for a long time.

2. Concept (1913): Gilbert Newton Lewis and Frederick George Keys of the United States discovered the surprisingly high electrochemical activity of lithium, accurately calculated the electrode potential of lithium, and predicted that lithium was the electrode material with the lowest potential, which pioneered the industry's research enthusiasm for lithium applications in batteries.

3. Key step (1958): William Sidney Harris of the University of California, Berkeley, USA, screened out ethylene carbonate (EC) and propylene carbonate (PC) as potential electrolytes for lithium batteries, and discussed the different behaviors of lithium in aqueous electrolytes and organic electrolytes, established the combination of lithium and organic electrolytes, and laid the foundation for the development of lithium batteries. However, Harris decided that the electrochemical behavior of the two was the same, and chose a PC with a low melting point, a classic mistake that delayed the introduction of lithium-ion batteries by 20 years.

4. Commercialization of primary lithium batteries (around 1970): NASA and Panasonic Corporation of Japan developed a primary battery with graphite fluoride as the cathode to match lithium metal, and successfully commercialized it, making lithium batteries into people's field of vision for the first time.

5. Prototype construction of secondary lithium battery (1972-1979): Stanley Whittingham, then R&D personnel of Exxon Oil Company in the United States, proved that the layered metal sulfide (TiS2) is an embedded/de-embedded cathode that can realize the electrochemical reversible storage of lithium between layers, and built a prototype of a lithium metal secondary rechargeable battery, allowing lithium batteries to move from primary batteries to secondary batteries.

6. Discovery of ideal cathode materials (1980): John Goodenough, then a professor in the Department of Inorganic Chemistry at the University of Oxford, proposed to replace lithium-free metal sulfides with lithium-containing metal oxides (such as lithium cobalt oxide) as the cathode of lithium batteries, which have higher voltage and chemical stability, and provide an ideal cathode material for the construction of rocking chair-type lithium-ion batteries.

7. Birth of the lithium-ion battery model (1983): Professor Akira Yoshino of Japan proposed a prototype of a lithium secondary battery using lithium cobalt oxide as the positive electrode and polyacetylene as the negative electrode. In 1991, Japan's Sony Corporation began selling the first lithium-ion battery. Since then, with the development of telecommunications and information markets, especially the large use of mobile phones and laptops, lithium-ion batteries have brought market opportunities